您當(dāng)前的位置:檢測資訊 > 生產(chǎn)品管
嘉峪檢測網(wǎng) 2022-08-11 22:24
人員是最大污染源
一項研究表明,即使穿著規(guī)范的潔凈服,人員仍是潔凈室最大的污染源:
人員引起的污染占潔凈室污染的80%;
生產(chǎn)工具和設(shè)備:15%;
潔凈室本身和過濾器缺陷:5%;
即使穿著規(guī)范,潔凈室中的人員靜坐或自立時,仍可產(chǎn)生100000/分鐘的粒子;
走動,可產(chǎn)生1000000/分鐘的粒子;
跑動:5000000/分鐘
咳嗽:700000塵粒/下
噴嚏:1400000塵粒/下
1分鐘交談:15000~20000塵粒
無菌生產(chǎn)操作規(guī)范
應(yīng)控制以下健康問題進入無菌區(qū)域
大面積開口的損傷或燒傷
(傷風(fēng)發(fā)熱時的)唇皰疹
嚴(yán)重的頭皮屑
皮炎, 濕疹
曬傷 (起皮)
痤瘡
真菌/細菌感染
咳嗽
流鼻涕或者打噴嚏結(jié)膜炎
著裝的要求
正確合適的衣服尺寸
不能混淆衣服類別 (一次性與非一次性)
穿戴未損壞的衣服
不戴珠寶 (包括結(jié)婚戒指)
不化妝
不涂指甲油 (包括假指甲)不戴手表
手套的要求
有規(guī)律的噴洗手
在碰到任何物體前和后都需要噴洗
在繼續(xù)進行操作前使雙手干燥(約10秒)
在進行手指微生物監(jiān)測前不要對手套進行消毒
損壞的手套必須在無菌區(qū)域外立即替換
護目鏡的要求
要求滅菌,而不是消毒
在無菌區(qū)域幾乎所有時間都需要配戴護目鏡,不能戴在頭部,配戴時不能有角度。
對護目鏡進行除霧(表面活性劑可有效除霧)或使用防霧型護目鏡
允許在護目鏡下配戴近視/遠視眼鏡
人員姿勢的要求
不能靠在表面上
不要擠壓工作服
使身體遠離產(chǎn)品
身體站直以最小化破壞氣流
保持手臂在腰線或以上
操作動作的要求
深思熟慮的的, 緩慢的,平滑的
不能奔跑
避免不必要的動作
當(dāng)不參與工藝操作時,操作者應(yīng)站或坐
關(guān)于講話...
無不必要的談話
不能大聲呼喊除非確實需要
不能通過洞口,進出口或氣閘進行交流
如果打噴嚏遠離產(chǎn)品
需要注意的行為
不能觸摸地板。當(dāng)有物品跌落,如果不會產(chǎn)生風(fēng)險的話可以在日清潔結(jié)束時清除。
關(guān)鍵區(qū)域設(shè)備在離開該區(qū)域后,在重新進入生產(chǎn)狀態(tài)時需要再滅菌或再清潔,如有需要。
如有需要,使用經(jīng)滅菌的工具。
常見無菌操作缺陷
During the aseptic filling of vials, an operator used restricted access barrier system(RABS) (b)(4) to remove a jammed stopper by reaching over exposed sterile stoppers in the stopper bowl. The RABS (b)(4) disrupted theunidirectional airflow over the stopper bowl, creating a risk for microbialcontamination. After the operator removed the jammed stopper, the filling linewas restarted, but the affected stoppers were not cleared.
在西林瓶無菌分裝過程中,一名操作人員穿越RABS XX越過膠塞斗來移除卡住的膠塞。該RABS XX里膠塞斗上方的單向流被中斷,帶來微生物污染風(fēng)險。在操作員移除了卡住的膠塞后,灌裝線重新啟動,但受影響的膠塞并未清出。
There is no sanitisation of hands after each individual garment is touched and put on.
員工在接觸和穿上衣服后沒有手消
Operators wore outdoor clothes under aseptic gowns in the Grade B zone.
B級區(qū)操作人員穿著戶外衣服套上無菌服。
Gowning procedures required operators to remove their shoes when entering grade D and C areas. The nature of the foot coverings used would not prevent microbial contamination passing from the operator’s feet onto the clean room floors.
更衣程序要求員工進入D級和C級區(qū)域時脫掉鞋子。然而所使用的腳套的材質(zhì)無法防止微生物從員工的腳污染到潔凈區(qū)地板上。
In the main office of Block B manufacturing operators appeared to be allowed to wear flip flops, shoes with over-shoes or socks.
在B區(qū)的辦公室,員工貌似被允許穿著人字拖、鞋套還有襪子。
During gowning into the manufacturing area the bench was not sanitised prior to sitting on it.
在進入生產(chǎn)區(qū)域的更衣期間,長凳在坐上去之前沒有消毒。
While donning sterile gloves prior to entering a grade B area an operator was observed touching the outside of sterile gloves on several occasions.
在穿B級無菌服的時候,發(fā)現(xiàn)一個員工好幾次碰到了無菌服的外面。
The wipes used for sanitisation did not appear to be wetted sufficiently as only the area in the centre appeared to be wet rather than the whole area to ensure effective surface coverage.
消毒用的抹布看起來不夠濕潤,只有中間的位置是濕的,而不是整塊區(qū)域以確保有效的表面覆蓋。
A gap between the hood and mask was seen for some operators resulting in exposed skin at the side of the face with the potential for product contamination especially when working in a LAF cabinet.
一些員工其帽子和口罩的縫隙可見臉部邊緣暴露出來的皮膚,導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)品污染的可能,特別是當(dāng)在層流罩內(nèi)工作時。
There are currently no drawings or diagrams which define the positioning of components in the laminar air flow (LAF) cabinet or isolators to ensure that unidirectional airflow is maintained.
沒有任何圖示和圖解定義分裝部件在層流罩或隔離器內(nèi)位置,以確保單向流得到維持。
Operators do not wear goggles even though compounding is conducted in an open LAF cabinet and ampoules may be used in the compounding process which is an open rather than a closed manipulation.
員工沒有戴眼罩,盡管是在一個開放式層流罩內(nèi)配料,并且配料工序還可能使用安瓿瓶,這是一個開放式而不是密閉式的操作。
Sanitised rather than sterile googles were permitted to be worn in EU Grade B areas.
在B級佩戴的護目鏡沒有滅菌,而只是消毒。
The sequence of installing the filling needles and connecting tubing did not minimise contamination risks; the sequence used resulted in contact between fingers of the restricted access barrier system (RABS) glove and the exposed tops of needles on several occasions.
分裝針頭的和軟管的連接過程未能將污染的風(fēng)險降至最低;導(dǎo)致RABS手套手指屢次與針頭暴露的那頭相接觸。在B級佩戴的護目鏡沒有滅菌,而只是消毒。

來源:Internet