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EU GMP 附錄1《無菌藥品生產(chǎn)》解讀:如何設(shè)定警戒限/行動(dòng)限?

嘉峪檢測網(wǎng)        2022-09-12 22:38

什么是警戒限/行動(dòng)限

 

Action limit —— An established relevant measure (e.g. microbial, or airborne particle limits) that, when exceeded, should trigger appropriate investigation and corrective action based on the investigation.

 

行動(dòng)限(Action limit)——所建立的相關(guān)指標(biāo)(例如,微生物限度或懸浮粒子限度),當(dāng)超過此限度時(shí),應(yīng)觸發(fā)適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)查和基于此調(diào)查的糾正措施。

 

Alert level —— An established relevant measure (e.g. microbial, or airborne particle levels) giving early warning of potential drift from normal operating conditions and validated state, which does not necessarily give grounds for corrective action but triggers appropriate scrutiny and follow——up to address the potential problem. Alert levels are established based on routine and qualification trend data and are periodically reviewed. The alert level can be based on a number of parameters including adverse trends, individual excursions above a set limit and repeat events.

 

警戒限(Alert Level)——所建立的相關(guān)指標(biāo)(例如,微生物或懸浮粒子水平),它給出可能偏離正常運(yùn)行條件和已驗(yàn)證狀態(tài)的早期預(yù)警,不一定需要糾正措施,但會(huì)觸發(fā)適當(dāng)審查和跟進(jìn)以解決潛在問題。警戒限可基于日常和確認(rèn)的趨勢分析數(shù)據(jù)建立,并定期回顧。警戒限可以基于多個(gè)參數(shù),包括不良趨勢、單個(gè)超出所設(shè)限度和重復(fù)事件。

 

——最新定義來自EU GMP 附錄1 無菌藥品生產(chǎn)-2022

 

EU GMP 附錄1 無菌藥品生產(chǎn) 中的相關(guān)規(guī)定:

 

6.13 Regular ongoing chemical and microbial monitoring of water systems should be performed to ensure that the water continues to meet compendial expectations. Alert levels should be based on the initial qualification data and thereafter periodically reassessed on data obtained during subsequent re-qualifications, routine monitoring, and investigations. Review of ongoing monitoring data should be carried out to identify any adverse trend in system performance. 

 

應(yīng)定期對水系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行化學(xué)和微生物監(jiān)測,以確保水持續(xù)符合藥典標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。警戒限應(yīng)基于初始確認(rèn)數(shù)據(jù),然后根據(jù)在后續(xù)再確認(rèn)、日常監(jiān)測和調(diào)查期間獲得的數(shù)據(jù)定期重新評估。應(yīng)審查持續(xù)監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)以發(fā)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)性能的任何不良趨勢。

 

9.9 Appropriate alert levels and action limits should be set for the results of viable and total particle monitoring. The maximum total particle action limits are described in Table 5 and the maximum viable particle action limits are described in Table 6. However, more stringent action limits may be applied based on data trending, the nature of the process or as determined within the CCS. Both viable and total particle alert levels should be established based on results of cleanroom qualification tests and periodically reviewed based on ongoing trend data.

 

應(yīng)為活性和總粒子監(jiān)測的結(jié)果設(shè)置適當(dāng)?shù)木湎藓托袆?dòng)限。總粒子最大行動(dòng)限作在表5中描述,活性粒子最大行動(dòng)限在表6中描述。但是,可以根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)趨勢、工藝性質(zhì)或CCS中的決定,應(yīng)用更嚴(yán)格的行動(dòng)限。應(yīng)根據(jù)潔凈室確認(rèn)測試的結(jié)果建立活性和總粒子警戒限,并根據(jù)持續(xù)的趨勢數(shù)據(jù)定期回顧。

 

EU GMP 附錄1《無菌藥品生產(chǎn)》解讀:如何設(shè)定警戒限/行動(dòng)限?

EU GMP 附錄1《無菌藥品生產(chǎn)》解讀:如何設(shè)定警戒限/行動(dòng)限?

 

9.10 Alert levels for grade A (total particle only) grade B, grade C and grade D should be set such that adverse trends (e.g. a numbers of events or individual events that indicate a deterioration of environmental control) are detected and addressed.

 

應(yīng)設(shè)置A級(jí)(僅總粒子)、B級(jí)、C級(jí)和D級(jí)的警戒限,以便檢測和解決不良趨勢(例如,表明環(huán)境控制惡化的一些事件或單個(gè)事件)。

 

9.12 The monitoring of grade C and D cleanrooms in operation should be performed based on data collected during qualification and routine data to allow effective trend analysis. The requirements of alert levels and action limits will depend on the nature of the operations carried out. Action limits may be more stringent than those listed in Table 5 and Table 6.

 

C級(jí)和D級(jí)潔凈室的動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測應(yīng)基于在確認(rèn)期間收集的數(shù)據(jù)和日常數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行,以便進(jìn)行有效的趨勢分析。警戒限和行動(dòng)限的要求將取決于所執(zhí)行操作的性質(zhì)。行動(dòng)限可能比表 5 和表 6 中列出的限度更嚴(yán)格。

 

如何建立警戒限/行動(dòng)限?

 

關(guān)于警戒限/行動(dòng)限的建立,有些公司仍使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上限的80%、60%方法,且沿用近十年未改變。

 

ISO14644-2:2015 要求根據(jù)歷史數(shù)據(jù)制定合適的警戒限/行動(dòng)限。

 

EU GMP無菌附錄1-2022 甚至要求根據(jù)日常數(shù)據(jù)制定D級(jí)區(qū)的動(dòng)態(tài)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和行動(dòng)限。

 

2020版《中國藥典》通則9025《藥品潔凈實(shí)驗(yàn)室微生物監(jiān)測和控制指導(dǎo)原則》要求藥品潔凈實(shí)驗(yàn)室應(yīng)根據(jù)歷史數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合不同潔凈區(qū)域的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),采用適宜的方法,制定適當(dāng)?shù)奈⑸锉O(jiān)測警戒限和糾偏限。限度確定后,應(yīng)定期回顧評價(jià),如歷史數(shù)據(jù)表明環(huán)境有所改善,限度應(yīng)作出相應(yīng)調(diào)整以反映環(huán)境實(shí)際質(zhì)量狀況。并給出A、B、C、D級(jí)微生物監(jiān)測的警戒限、行動(dòng)限參考值:

 

EU GMP 附錄1《無菌藥品生產(chǎn)》解讀:如何設(shè)定警戒限/行動(dòng)限?

 

由于需要判斷系統(tǒng)正常運(yùn)行范圍,本文給出制定警戒限/行動(dòng)限常見的三種方法,供大家參考:

 

正態(tài)分布法:這種方法適用于正態(tài)性數(shù)據(jù),平均值+2 倍的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差作為警戒限,平均值+3倍標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差作為行動(dòng)限。

 

百分位數(shù)法:對監(jiān)測結(jié)果排序,取95%分位數(shù)作為警戒限,99%分位數(shù)作為行動(dòng)限。

 

非參數(shù)容許區(qū)間法:微生物數(shù)據(jù)尤為合適,警戒限y = 0.95, P= 0.95;行動(dòng)限y = 0.95, P= 0.99。

 

案例:

 

現(xiàn)有某純化水系統(tǒng)回水點(diǎn)過去一年微生物狀態(tài)監(jiān)測結(jié)果,試制定基于統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的警戒限/行動(dòng)限。

 

適用非參數(shù)容許區(qū)間法,使用Minitab進(jìn)行計(jì)算,選擇統(tǒng)計(jì) > 質(zhì)量工具 > 公差區(qū)間(非正態(tài)分布)

 

從下拉列表中,選擇樣本。

 

單擊選項(xiàng)。

 

從公差區(qū)間中,選擇上限/下限。

 

分別設(shè)定置信水平=95.0,區(qū)間中總體百分比=95.0(警戒限)或99.0(行動(dòng)限)

 

在每個(gè)對話框中單擊確定。

 

操作方法:

 

EU GMP 附錄1《無菌藥品生產(chǎn)》解讀:如何設(shè)定警戒限/行動(dòng)限?

 

參數(shù)設(shè)置:

 

警戒限:p=95.0;行動(dòng)限:p=99.0

 

EU GMP 附錄1《無菌藥品生產(chǎn)》解讀:如何設(shè)定警戒限/行動(dòng)限?

 

輸出結(jié)果:警戒限

 

EU GMP 附錄1《無菌藥品生產(chǎn)》解讀:如何設(shè)定警戒限/行動(dòng)限?

 

輸出結(jié)果:行動(dòng)限

 

EU GMP 附錄1《無菌藥品生產(chǎn)》解讀:如何設(shè)定警戒限/行動(dòng)限?

 

案例中得出該純化水系統(tǒng)回水點(diǎn)微生物水平警戒限=20cfu,行動(dòng)限=23cfu

 

限度設(shè)定后,應(yīng)定期回顧評價(jià),如每年。如果歷史性數(shù)據(jù)表明環(huán)境有所改善,則限度也應(yīng)作出相應(yīng)調(diào)整以反映出實(shí)際的環(huán)境狀況。

 

ISO 14644-2:2015要求對于不同的監(jiān)測位置,可能需要不同的警戒限/行動(dòng)限。

 

另外,監(jiān)測位置發(fā)生變化時(shí),警戒限/行動(dòng)限也需要作相應(yīng)的變化。

 

關(guān)于警戒限,還應(yīng)考慮基于其他參數(shù),例如,監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)連續(xù)上升(不良趨勢)、重復(fù)事件等。

 
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來源:GMP辦公室

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