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非脊柱金屬骨螺釘和墊圈基于安全和性能途徑提交FDA 510(k)申請(qǐng)的性能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

嘉峪檢測(cè)網(wǎng)        2024-11-29 17:19

目前FDA 510(k)提交方式有三種:傳統(tǒng)、特殊以及簡(jiǎn)略型,“基于安全和性能途徑” (The safety and Performance Based Pathway)是簡(jiǎn)略型510(k)的一種可選途徑,適用于某些廣為人知、且易于理解的器械類(lèi)型。制造商通過(guò)證明申報(bào)器械符合FDA確定的性能標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以證明該器械與已合法上市的器械一樣安全有效。

 

FDA規(guī)定當(dāng)器械符合以下兩點(diǎn)要求時(shí),則可使用基于安全和性能途徑的方式進(jìn)行實(shí)質(zhì)等同性論證:1)申報(bào)器械與對(duì)比器械具有相同的適應(yīng)證和技術(shù)特征,不會(huì)引發(fā)不同的安全性和有效性問(wèn)題;2)申報(bào)器械滿足FDA確定的所有性能準(zhǔn)則。目前FDA已發(fā)布包括骨科非脊柱金屬骨螺釘和墊圈在內(nèi)的共15類(lèi)器械可通過(guò)基于安全和性能的途徑進(jìn)行上市前提交。今天我們就來(lái)介紹于2024年11月21日發(fā)布的《骨科非脊柱金屬骨螺釘和墊圈-基于安全和性能途徑的性能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》。

 

范圍

 

從監(jiān)管范圍:受 21 CFR 888.3040 和 21 CFR 888.3030 監(jiān)管,產(chǎn)品代碼為WHC、HTN、NDG的 II 類(lèi)非脊柱金屬骨螺釘和墊圈。

 

從預(yù)期用途:骨螺釘用于骨科非脊柱骨折固定、截骨或小關(guān)節(jié)融合或關(guān)節(jié)固定,墊圈僅用于與骨螺釘配合使用,以幫助分散螺釘頭/骨界面的負(fù)荷。此外,用于下頜、頜面、顱骨和眼眶骨折固定等其他部位的,或與縫合線等裝置一起使用骨螺釘或墊圈均不屬于本指南的范圍。

 

從器械設(shè)計(jì)特征:骨螺釘設(shè)計(jì)多種多樣,但符合以下FDA認(rèn)可的共識(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),則屬于本指南的范圍:

 

• ASTM F136 Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium ELI (Extra Low Interstitial) Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R56401)

 

• ASTM F1472 Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R56400)  

 

• ASTM F1295 Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Aluminum-7Niobium Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R56700)

 

• ASTM F67 Standard Specification for Unalloyed Titanium, for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R50250, UNS R50400, UNS R50550, UNS R50700)

 

• ASTM F138 Standard Specification for Wrought 18Chromium-14Nickel 2.5Molybdenum Stainless Steel Bar and Wire for Surgical Implants (UNS S31673)   

 

• ASTM F139 Standard Specification for Wrought 18Chromium-14Nickel 2.5Molybdenum Stainless Steel Sheet and Strip for Surgical Implants (UNS S31673)

 

• ASTM F1537 Standard Specification for Wrought Cobalt-28Chromium-6Molybdenum Alloys for Surgical Implants (UNS R31537, UNS R31538, and UNS R31539)   

 

測(cè)試性能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

 

通過(guò)“基于安全和性能途徑”遞交的申請(qǐng),除為以下每項(xiàng)測(cè)試或評(píng)估提交符合性聲明資料外,還應(yīng)提交評(píng)估測(cè)試的結(jié)果摘要等資料作為510(k)的一部分提交。必要時(shí),F(xiàn)DA將對(duì)申報(bào)器械符合FDA確定的性能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和測(cè)試方法的基本數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行審查。

 

機(jī)械臺(tái)架測(cè)試:應(yīng)按照FDA目前認(rèn)可的ASTM F543 版本Standard Specification and Test Methods for Metallic Medical Bone Screw進(jìn)行,并對(duì)代表最壞情況的最終螺釘設(shè)計(jì)版本進(jìn)行所有測(cè)試,且闡述如何確定最壞情況設(shè)計(jì)的理由。此外,還應(yīng)使用工程分析的方法,通過(guò)扭轉(zhuǎn)強(qiáng)度測(cè)試、驅(qū)動(dòng)扭矩測(cè)試以及軸向拉伸強(qiáng)度測(cè)試來(lái)評(píng)估骨螺釘?shù)妮S向拉伸強(qiáng)度,具體驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可結(jié)合本指南及ASTM F543指南。

 

滅菌(標(biāo)記為無(wú)菌的器械)和再處理(終端用戶(hù)滅菌)驗(yàn)證測(cè)試:應(yīng)證明器械及其特定儀器的清潔度和無(wú)菌度,或清潔和滅菌能力達(dá)到 10-6 的無(wú)菌保證水平。制造商應(yīng)向FDA提交包裝(無(wú)菌屏障系統(tǒng))及其如何保持器械無(wú)菌的說(shuō)明、包裝測(cè)試方法的說(shuō)明(但不包括包裝測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù))。測(cè)試方法應(yīng)按照FDA目前認(rèn)可的下列共識(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版本,包括但不限于:

 

• International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 17665 Sterilization of health care products – Moist heat - Requirements for the development, validation, and routine control of a sterilization process for medical devices

 

• ISO 11135 Sterilization of health care products – Ethylene oxide - Requirements for development, validation, and routine control of a sterilization process for medical devices

 

• ISO 11137-1 Sterilization of health care products - Radiation - Part 1: Requirements for development, validation, and routine control of a sterilization process for medical devices

 

• ISO 11137-2 Sterilization of health care products - Radiation - Part 2: Establishing the sterilization dose

 

• ISO 11137-3 Sterilization of health care products - Radiation - Part 3: Guidance on dosimetric aspects of development, validation and routine control  

 

• ISO/TS 11137-4 Sterilization of health care products - Radiation - Part 4: Guidance on process control

 

• ISO 13004 Sterilization of health care products - Radiation - Substantiation of selected sterilization dose: Method VDmaxSD

 

• ISO 11607-1 Packaging for terminally sterilized medical devices – Part 1: Requirements for materials, sterile barrier systems and packaging systems

 

• ISO 11607-2 Packaging for terminally sterilized medical devices – Part 2: Validation requirements for forming, sealing and assembly processes

 

• ASTM F88/F88M Standard Test Method for Seal Strength of Flexible Barrier Materials

 

• ASTM F3039 Standard Test Method for Detecting Leaks in Nonporous Packaging or Flexible Barrier Materials by Dye Penetration

 

• ASTM F2096 Standard Test Method for Detecting Gross Leaks in Packaging by Internal Pressurization (Bubble Test)

 

• ISO 20857 Sterilization of health care products — Dry heat — Requirements for the development, validation and routine control of a sterilization process for medical devices

 

生物相容性評(píng)估:應(yīng)按照指南《Use of International Standard ISO 10993-1, “Biological evaluation of medical devices – Part 1: Evaluation and testing within a risk management process》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)FDA生物相容性指南)附錄A部分來(lái)確定作為生物相容性評(píng)估中的部分生物相容性終點(diǎn)。FDA認(rèn)為本指南所涵蓋的器械被歸類(lèi)為與組織/骨骼接觸的植入式器械,且接觸時(shí)間超過(guò)30天,因此需對(duì)細(xì)胞毒性、致敏性、刺激性或皮膚內(nèi)反應(yīng)性、急性全身毒性、材料介導(dǎo)的熱原性、亞急性/亞慢性毒性、遺傳毒性、植入、慢性毒性、致癌性共十項(xiàng)終點(diǎn)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。

 

只有申報(bào)器械與對(duì)比器械相比具有相同的原材料、制造工藝、組織接觸類(lèi)型和持續(xù)時(shí)間,且?guī)缀涡螤畹娜魏巫兓A(yù)計(jì)不會(huì)影響生物反應(yīng)的情況下,同時(shí)提供 FDA 生物相容性指南附錄 F 中概述的文件,通常就足以確定生物相容性方面實(shí)質(zhì)上等同。若制造商需要進(jìn)行測(cè)試以解決某些或所有已確定的生物相容性終點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,F(xiàn)DA 建議為所有已進(jìn)行的測(cè)試提供完整的測(cè)試報(bào)告。任何特定試驗(yàn)的陽(yáng)性、陰性和/或試劑對(duì)照均應(yīng)達(dá)到預(yù)期的性能,試驗(yàn)方案的偏離應(yīng)予以詳細(xì)描述并說(shuō)明理由。注意:某些試驗(yàn)方案的偏離可能會(huì)使與生物相容性性能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的比較失效,因而被要求提交傳統(tǒng)報(bào)告。

 

參考資料:

 

1. Orthopedic Non-Spinal Metallic Bone Screws and Washers – Performance Criteria for Safety and Performance Based Pathway

 

2. Safety and Performance Based Pathway - Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration

 

 

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