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PDA TR05 無(wú)菌制劑包裝的相容性和穩(wěn)定性(中英文).doc(147頁(yè))

  • PDA 5號(hào)技術(shù)報(bào)告Sterile Pharmaceutical Packaging: Compatibility and Stability無(wú)菌制劑包裝的相容性和穩(wěn)定性

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    目錄

     

    I. Introduction 簡(jiǎn)介        ……..       1

    II. Primary Packaging Systems 初級(jí)包裝系統(tǒng)       …….        3

    A.     Containers 容器     3

    1.      Glass containers玻璃容器   3

    a.      Nature and composition of glass玻璃的性質(zhì)及組成 ……...       3

    1)      Soda-lime glasses鈉鈣玻璃   …..  4

    2)      Borosilicate glasses 硼硅酸鹽玻璃                5

    3)      Amber glass 琥珀玻璃           7

    b. Classification of glass containers by USP USP對(duì)玻璃容器的分類    7

    1)      Type I 類          7

    2)      Type II 類                  7

    3)      Type III類                  7

    4)      TypeNP類               8

    2. Plastic containers 塑料容器. …..8

    a.      Polymerization 聚合作  …8

    1)      Polymerization by addition 加成聚合             8

    2)      Polymerization by condensation 縮合聚合             11

    b.      Additives (Adjuvants) 添加劑(輔助劑)     …13

    1)      Lubricants 潤(rùn)滑劑           13

    2)      Stabilizers穩(wěn)定劑            14

    3)      Plasticizers 塑化劑                  14

    4)      Antioxidants抗氧化劑             14

    5)      Antistatic agents抗靜電劑           15

    6)      Slip agents增滑劑                  15

    7)      Dyes and pigments 染料和色素             15

    c.      Potential problems with plastic containers 塑料容器的潛在問(wèn)題15

    B.     Closure Systems 密閉系統(tǒng)    18

    1.      General 概述           18

    2.      Composition of rubber closures 橡膠塞成分                  18

    a.      Primary ingredients 主要成分                 18

    b.      Adjuvants輔助劑             18

    3.      Natural rubber 天然橡膠                19

    4.      Synthetic elastomers 合成彈性體                   19

     

    a.      Polyisoprene rubber 聚異戊二烯橡膠           19

    b.      Butyl rubber 丁基橡膠            19

    c.      Halogenated butyl rubber 鹵化丁基橡膠               20

    d.      Chloroprene rubber氯丁橡膠                20

    e.      Silicone rubber 硅橡膠            20

    f.       Nitrile butadiene rubber丁腈橡膠                 20

    III. Potential Physicochemical Interactions 潛在的物化相互作用                 21

    A Sorption 吸附作用      22    

    1.      Introduction 引言            22

    2.      Mathematical Models數(shù)學(xué)模型   23 

    a.      Freundlich equation Freundlich方程                25

    b.      Simple linear equation 簡(jiǎn)單線性方程..                   25

    c.      Langmuir equation方程 …             26

    d.      Diffusion equation —general 擴(kuò)散方程-常規(guī)情況……..          27

    e.      Diffusion equation-constant drug concentration擴(kuò)散方程-恒定藥品濃度. 28

    f.       Diffusion equation —varying drug concentration擴(kuò)散方程-變化的藥品濃度...       31

    g.      Diffusion equation—half-saturation time擴(kuò)散方程-半飽和時(shí)間                   33

    h.      First—order equation 一階方程             3-1

    i.       Reversible first—order equation 可逆的一階方程              31

    j.Bi—exponential equation雙指數(shù)方程                   37

    3.      Factors Influencing Sorption 影響吸附的因素               38

    a.      Effect of concentration濃度的影響                 38

    b.      Partition coefficient 分配系數(shù)                 40

    c.      pH of the solution 溶液的pH                   40

    d.      Effect of excipients 輔料的影響             43

    e.      Effect of temperature 溫度的影響                 45

    f.       Structure of the polymeric sorbent聚合體的吸附劑的結(jié)構(gòu)                  46

    g.      Structure of the sorbate 被吸附物的結(jié)構(gòu)             47

    4.      Drug—Plastic Interactions 藥物-塑料的相互作用                49

    a.      General概述            69

    b.      Insulin 胰島素                  79

    c.      Nitroglycerin 硝化甘油           70

    d.      Diazepam苯甲二氮                 70

    5.      Drug—Rubber Closure Interactions 藥品-橡膠塞的相互作用             70

    6.      Sorption of Antimicrobial Agents by Plastics塑料對(duì)抗菌劑的吸附作用70

    a.      General概述            70

    b.      Benzalkonium chloride苯扎氯銨             71.

    c.      Phenylmercuric compounds 苯汞基化合物           71

    7.      Sorption of Antimicrobial Agents by Rubber Closures橡膠塞對(duì)抗菌劑的

    吸附作用 …  71

    a.      General概述            74

    b.      Benzyl alcohol 苯甲醇             77

    c.      Phenol苯酚            70

    d.      Chlorobutanol 三氯叔丁醇             79

    e.      Parabens 對(duì)羥苯甲酸酯                 80

    f.       Mercuric compounds汞化合物             80

    8.      Adsorption onto Glass Surfaces 玻璃表面的吸附作用                  80

    a. General概述                 80

    b.      Biological compounds生物化合物          ... 81

    c.      Nonbiological compounds 非生物化合物      85

    Leaching浸析87

    1.General 概述      

     2. Mathematical Models 數(shù)學(xué)模型....................................................... .88

    a. Square-root-of-time equation時(shí)間平方根….…89

    b. First-order equation 一階方程  .............90

    c.      Log-log equation 雙對(duì)數(shù)方程        …..…92

    d.      Linear equation 線性方程      ……..93

    e.      Desorption equation解吸附方程  ..……95

    3.      Factors Influencing Leaching影響浸析的因素.100

    a.      Temperature 溫度….…100

    b.      pH   ….…103

    c.      Excipients 輔料       …....105

    4.      Leaching from Rubber Closures .從橡膠塞中浸析112

    5.      Leaching from Plastic Containers從塑料容器中浸析..……116

    6.      Corrosion of Glass Surface玻璃表面腐蝕      …….117

    a.Etching process 侵蝕過(guò)程.……..120

    b.Leaching process浸析過(guò)程…….137

     C.Permeation滲透作用.. … .143

     1.General 概述...143

     2.Mathematical Model數(shù)學(xué)模型..144

     a.Diffusion Equation 擴(kuò)散方程….144

     b.Compartmental equations 分室方程……..146

    3 Factors Influencing Permeation 影響滲透的因素 … …149

     a.Concentration 濃度  ……..149        

    b.Partition coefficient 分配系數(shù)    ……..150        

    c.pH of the solution 溶液pH.152

    d.Formulation components制劑成分    ……..153        

    e.External environment 外部環(huán)境         ……..154        

    f.Diffusion in polymers聚合物內(nèi)的擴(kuò)散作用..155

    g.Temperature溫度…….155

    4.Permeation through Plastic Materials 透過(guò)塑料的滲透            …..…156

    5.Permeation through Elastomers透過(guò)彈性體的滲透… .. 159

    IV. References參考文獻(xiàn)                                         

  • 法規(guī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
  • 2020-07-13
  • 包裝材料與紙制品;藥品與生物制品;醫(yī)療器械

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